TRADITIONAL SYMBOLS IN EASTERN AND WESTERN CLASSICAL LITERATURE
Abstract
This article examines the symbolic functions of the “journey” and the “mirror” in Eastern and Western classical literature. Using major examples from Eastern authors such as Attar and Navoi, as well as medieval Western writers like Chaucer and Shakespeare, the study analyzes how journey and mirror imagery reflect spiritual, moral, and psychological processes. In Eastern literature, the journey often serves as a metaphor for spiritual perfection and the Sufi path, while the mirror symbolizes the heart’s purity, spiritual insight, and divine manifestation. In Western literature, the journey represents moral exploration, social characterization, or emotional experience, whereas the mirror functions as a tool for introspection, self-awareness, and aesthetic reflection. Despite cultural differences, both the journey and mirror motifs consistently convey universal themes of human self-discovery, inner transformation, and the pursuit of truth, whether spiritual, moral, or psychological.
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