PHASE-SPECIFIC JOINT ANGLE VALUES DURING A LEFT-HAND STRAIGHT PUNCH TO THE BODY IN STUDENT BOXERS
Abstract
This study investigated the phase-specific joint angle dynamics during the execution of a left-hand straight punch to the body in student boxers. Measurements were conducted across the main movement phases—contact, lift-off, knee lift, mid-swing, and mid-support. For each phase, hip, knee, and ankle flexion/extension angles were determined relative to the vertical axis, and their phase-dependent variability was assessed. The results demonstrated that during the execution of a left-hand straight punch, dynamic flexion/extension angles of the hip and knee joints reach their maximum values in the mid-swing phase, contributing to increased punch force and velocity. Differences between the right and left joints were also observed, indicating asymmetric but functionally coordinated movement patterns. Joint angles referenced to the vertical axis played a significant role in ensuring movement stability and punching effectiveness. The findings provide a scientific basis for the development of training recommendations aimed at optimizing punching technique and improving strike mechanics in pedagogical and sports training processes for boxers.
Keywords
boxers, left hand, straight punch to the body, phase-specific joint angles, joint dynamics, hip and knee flexion/extension, punching technique, sports pedagogy.How to Cite
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