BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF POTATO AUCUBA MOSAIC VIRUS (PAMV)
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world and plays a significant role in ensuring global food security. However, viral diseases remain one of the major factors limiting potato productivity and quality. Among them, Potato aucuba mosaic virus (PAMV), belonging to the genus Potexvirus, is considered an important pathogen affecting potato plants in many regions. The present study aimed to investigate the biological characteristics of PAMV and to identify the virus using molecular diagnostic methods.
Field observations revealed several typical viral symptoms in infected potato plants, including chlorotic mosaic patterns, leaf deformation, yellow spotting, and necrotic lesions on tubers. The frequency of observed symptoms showed that mosaic patterns were the most common symptom (42%), followed by chlorotic spots (35%), leaf deformation (28%), and necrosis (19%). Light microscopy analysis of infected leaf tissues revealed significant anatomical changes, including chloroplast deformation, disruption of cellular structures, and the formation of necrotic zones. These alterations indicate that viral infection significantly affects the physiological and metabolic processes of plant cells.
Molecular analysis using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) successfully detected the presence of PAMV in infected samples. Agarose gel electrophoresis revealed a specific DNA fragment of approximately 700 bp corresponding to the viral genome region, confirming the presence of the virus in infected plant tissues, while no amplification was detected in healthy control samples. Furthermore, infected plants exhibited reduced growth parameters, including decreased plant height, leaf number, and tuber yield compared with healthy plants.
The results of this study confirm that PAMV infection can significantly affect potato growth and productivity. Molecular diagnostic tools such as RT-PCR provide reliable and sensitive methods for early detection of plant viruses. These findings may contribute to improving monitoring systems, selecting virus-free planting material, and developing effective strategies for managing viral diseases in potato cultivation.
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References
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